Panama;s Education System

  
Key Characteristics:
Free and Compulsory: Education up to middle school is free and compulsory.

Public Sector Dominance: The public sector accounts for the majority of
enrollment, with the Ministry of Education overseeing public schools. 
Quality Concerns: Panama faces challenges in ensuring quality education,
particularly in rural and indigenous areas, with concerns about teacher training
and resources. 

Dropout Rates: Dropout rates are high, partly due to socioeconomic factors
and the challenges of accessing education in remote areas. 

Focus on Memorization: Educational approaches often rely on rote memorization
rather than developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills. 

Limited Access in Rural Areas: Students in rural areas face challenges in accessing
education due to long distances, lack of transportation, and safety concerns. 

Indigenous Education: Indigenous communities face specific challenges in accessing 
education, with limited preschool and secondary education services. 

Disability Inclusion: Adolescents with disabilities are often excluded from education. 

Overloaded Programs: Curricula can be overloaded, and teaching styles can be outdated. 

COVID-19 Impact: The pandemic exacerbated existing problems, with a decline in student achievement. 

Uniforms: Students in both public and private schools are required to wear uniforms.